{"id":699,"date":"2021-10-06T22:21:37","date_gmt":"2021-10-06T19:21:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecohotelcrete.com\/?p=699"},"modified":"2024-01-13T18:51:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-13T16:51:16","slug":"world-wildlife-day-the-15-biggest-threats-to-the-worlds-oceans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecohotelcrete.com\/cs\/world-wildlife-day-the-15-biggest-threats-to-the-worlds-oceans\/","title":{"rendered":"Sv\u011btov\u00fd den divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e: 15 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hrozeb pro sv\u011btov\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sv\u011btov\u00fd den divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e: 15 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hrozeb pro sv\u011btov\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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A co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat, abyste je zachr\u00e1nili<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n
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ZDROJ: NEWSWEEK<\/strong> -https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/world-wildlife-day-2019-oceans-pollution-global-warming-1349026<\/p>\n

Sv\u011btov\u00fd den divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e OSN poprv\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje hrozby pro mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot. T\u00e9matem Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e 2019, kter\u00fd se kon\u00e1 3. b\u0159ezna, je \u201e\u017divot pod vodou: pro lidi a planetu\u201c. N\u00e1zev je k\u00fdvnut\u00edm na udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj OSN C\u00edl 14 - \u017divot pod vodou<\/a>, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na ochranu mo\u0159sk\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eOce\u00e1ny reguluj\u00ed na\u0161e klima, produkuj\u00ed polovinu kysl\u00edku, kter\u00fd d\u00fdch\u00e1me, poskytuj\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivu [v\u00edce ne\u017e] 3 miliard\u00e1m lid\u00ed a absorbuj\u00ed 30 procent oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho uvoln\u011bn\u00e9ho do atmosf\u00e9ry a 90 procent tepla ze zm\u011bny klimatu,\u201c \u0159ekl Abdoulaye Mar Dieye, n\u00e1m\u011bstek gener\u00e1ln\u00edho tajemn\u00edka OSN, v listopadu, kdy bylo t\u00e9ma vyhl\u00e1\u0161eno.<\/p>\n

Sv\u011btov\u00fd den divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e OSN byl zalo\u017een v roce 2013, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e prvn\u00ed akce se uskute\u010dnila v roce 2015. Jej\u00edm posl\u00e1n\u00edm je \u201eoslavit a zv\u00fd\u0161it pov\u011bdom\u00ed o sv\u011btov\u00e9 divok\u00e9 faun\u011b a fl\u00f3\u0159e\u201c. Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b prob\u00edhaj\u00ed aktivity, prom\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed film\u016f a v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee, aby se upozornilo na leto\u0161n\u00ed t\u00e9ma, v\u010detn\u011b akce v s\u00eddle OSN v New Yorku.<\/p>\n

Oce\u00e1ny pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed 71 procent zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu a tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 99 procent obyvateln\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed planety, ale v\u011bdci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee maj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee. Prvn\u00ed systematick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza mo\u0159sk\u00e9 divo\u010diny, publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise\u00a0Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed biologie<\/em>\u00a0v roce 2018 zjistil, \u017ee oce\u00e1n byl v d\u016fsledku lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti zna\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bn\u011bn, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pouze 13 procent z\u016fstalo neru\u0161eno.<\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va n\u00e1sledovala po odhalen\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina sv\u011btov\u00fdch oce\u00e1n\u016f je lovena pr\u016fmyslov\u011b. Studie z roku 2018, publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise\u00a0V\u011bda<\/em>, zjistil, \u017ee komer\u010dn\u00ed rybolov pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed oblast ne\u017e glob\u00e1ln\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Toto masivn\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeno tak rozmanit\u00fdmi hrozbami, jako je nadm\u011brn\u00fd rybolov, \u00fanik zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed a glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uje teploty mo\u0159e. Zat\u00edmco hrozby pro de\u0161tn\u00e9 pralesy a dal\u0161\u00ed suchozemsk\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed jsou ji\u017e dlouho zn\u00e1my, pov\u011bdom\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o nejist\u00e9m stavu oce\u00e1nu je nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm odhalen\u00edm, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b d\u00edky kulturn\u00edm fenom\u00e9n\u016fm, jako je BBC\u00a0Modr\u00e1 planeta\u00a0<\/em>s\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n

Od b\u011blen\u00ed kor\u00e1l\u016f po okyselen\u00ed\u00a0Newsweek<\/em>\u00a0pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 o 15 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hrozb\u00e1ch, kter\u00fdm dnes oce\u00e1ny \u010del\u00ed - a tak\u00e9 o tom, co pro n\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat.<\/p>\n

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\"Sv\u011btov\u00e9

Sv\u011btov\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny a zm\u011bna klimatu<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Oce\u00e1n absorboval 80 procent oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho vyroben\u00e9ho lidmi. Tyto teplej\u0161\u00ed vody ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny aspekty blaha oce\u00e1n\u016f, od b\u011blen\u00ed kor\u00e1l\u016f po migraci ryb a dokonce m\u011bn\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 proudy. Oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje chaos v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, kter\u00fd bere biologick\u00e9 podn\u011bty z teplot, aby v\u011bd\u011bl, kdy se rozmno\u017eit.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:<\/strong>\u00a0I kdy\u017e si mysl\u00edme, \u017ee va\u0161e uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 stopa m\u016f\u017ee pomoci, mus\u00ed se na vl\u00e1dn\u00ed \u00farovni uskute\u010dnit velk\u00e9 zm\u011bny, aby se tento obrovsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m zm\u011bnil. Podporujte m\u00edstn\u00ed politiky, kte\u0159\u00ed prosazuj\u00ed z\u00e1kony, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.\u00a0Projekt udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho politika<\/a>\u00a0pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vysv\u011btlit ekologick\u00e9 pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed (nebo jeho nedostatek) ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

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\"02<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

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Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed plasty<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Greenpeace odhaduje, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd rok skon\u010d\u00ed v mo\u0159i 12,7 milionu tun plast\u016f. Plastov\u00e9 odpadky, jako lahve a ta\u0161ky, si mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed tvorov\u00e9 \u010dasto m\u00fdl\u00ed s potravinami a jed\u00ed je. To m\u016f\u017ee zablokovat d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty zv\u00ed\u0159ete nebo je dokonce u\u0161krtit. Plast je pro tato zv\u00ed\u0159ata toxick\u00fd a ucp\u00e1v\u00e1 jim \u017ealudek, tak\u017ee nemohou p\u0159ij\u00edmat skute\u010dn\u00e9 j\u00eddlo. A nejsou zasa\u017eeny pouze pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed oblasti-dokonce i v 6,8 m\u00edle hlubok\u00e9m Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edkopu ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie zjistila, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00fd mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot m\u011bl ve st\u0159evech plast.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Vyjmout zbyte\u010dn\u00fd plast z na\u0161ich \u017eivot\u016f nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 - ale v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to nen\u00ed nemo\u017en\u00e9. Supermarkety jsou velk\u00fdmi h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edky, pokud jde o p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00fd plastov\u00fd odpad, tak\u017ee zkuste kupovat pouze zeleninu a ovoce, kter\u00e9 se prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed voln\u011b, a p\u0159ineste si vlastn\u00ed opakovan\u011b pou\u017eiteln\u00fd s\u00e1\u010dek. Investujte do j\u00eddelny, abyste nemuseli pl\u00fdtvat plasty (a pen\u011bzi) na balenou vodu. Zkuste str\u00e1vit t\u00fdden t\u00edm, \u017ee si budete bezmy\u0161lenkovit\u011b v\u0161\u00edmat toho, jak\u00fd zbyte\u010dn\u00fd plast spot\u0159ebujete, t\u0159eba br\u010dka na pit\u00ed a holic\u00edch strojk\u016f na jedno pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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\"03<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

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Neudr\u017eiteln\u00fd rybolov<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Podle WWF je v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 procent sv\u011btov\u00e9ho rybolovu vy\u010derp\u00e1no d\u00edky nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu rybolovu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 ryby, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad tu\u0148\u00e1k obecn\u00fd, byly loveny tak siln\u011b, \u017ee jsou nyn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00fdm druhem. A\u010dkoli existuj\u00ed p\u0159edpisy, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je omezit vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed, neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed rybolov je st\u00e1le velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) spolupracuje s rybolovem, aby si spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 uv\u011bdomili, kter\u00e9 ryby jsou udr\u017eiteln\u00e9. N\u00e1kupem produkt\u016f z mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plod\u016f s certifikac\u00ed MSC pom\u00e1haj\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 podporovat etick\u00e9 postupy rybolovu. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed se etikety MSC staly hlavn\u00edm proudem-dokonce i McDonald's nab\u00edz\u00ed stoprocentn\u00ed produkty MSC certifikovan\u00e9 pro b\u00edl\u00e9 ryby.<\/p>\n

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\"04<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

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Cestovn\u00ed ruch a rozvoj<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd miluje pl\u00e1\u017e - ale neregulovan\u00fd r\u016fst p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00e9 turistiky m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1\u017en\u011b po\u0161kodit oce\u00e1n. Infrastruktura jako silnice a budovy nahrazuj\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b a p\u0159\u00edliv lid\u00ed produkuje v\u00edce odpadu a zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy od Hongkongu po Honolulu byly zni\u010deny d\u00edky pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edmu rozvoji.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstn\u011b nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed, ale \u010dasto je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a u\u010d\u00ed v\u00e1s o va\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed oblasti - a je mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed. Pokud se chcete vydat d\u00e1l, Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnost pro ekoturistiku v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee nasm\u011brovat sm\u011brem k n\u011bkter\u00fdm pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 planet\u011b neubl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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\"05<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

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Lodn\u00ed doprava<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Obchodn\u00ed lod\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot \u0159adu hrozeb. \u010casto unikaj\u00ed ropa a chemik\u00e1lie, vysyp\u00e1vaj\u00ed odpad a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed emisemi oxidu si\u0159i\u010dit\u00e9ho, oxid\u016f dus\u00edku a oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho. Je tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee nar\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed na velryby a jin\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 savce.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Nakupujte lok\u00e1ln\u011b! I kdy\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 odolat v\u00e1ben\u00ed levn\u00fdch z\u00e1mo\u0159sk\u00fdch drobnost\u00ed skladovan\u00fdch na Amazonu, zastavte se, ne\u017e v\u00e1s svede n\u00edzk\u00e1 cena. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se k \u00fa\u010dtu postav\u00ed n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, a\u0165 u\u017e je to podplacen\u00fd d\u011bln\u00edk nebo stvo\u0159en\u00ed zasa\u017een\u00e9 lod\u00ed na zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 cest\u011b. Pokuste se koupit m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u011bstovan\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed sez\u00f3nn\u00ed potraviny, pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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\"06<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

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Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 ochrana<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Asi 5,7 procenta sv\u011btov\u00fdch oce\u00e1n\u016f bylo ozna\u010deno jako chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9, ale to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee jsou prost\u00e9 rizikov\u00fdch faktor\u016f \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. WWF uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee z t\u011bchto chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed (MPA) je 90 procent otev\u0159eno rybolovu a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny jsou otev\u0159en\u00e9 cestovn\u00edmu ruchu. Jen velmi m\u00e1lo z nich m\u00e1 specializovan\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, aby zajistilo, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my z\u016fstanou zdrav\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o vl\u00e1dn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku. Jednotlivci v\u0161ak mohou naj\u00edt sv\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed MPA a po\u017e\u00e1dat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce, aby se investice a management MPA staly prioritou.<\/p>\n

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Ropa a plyn<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Velk\u00e9 z\u00e1soby plynu a ropy se st\u00e1le nach\u00e1zej\u00ed pod mo\u0159sk\u00fdm dnem. Vrt\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u016fzkum m\u016f\u017ee ale po\u0161kodit m\u00edstn\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed a mnoho spole\u010dnost\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e n\u011bkdy vede ke katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edm ropn\u00fdm skvrn\u00e1m. Jak se zdroje st\u00e1vaj\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fdmi, spole\u010dnosti se st\u011bhuj\u00ed do st\u00e1le vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 maj\u00ed jen malou ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>M\u011bjte na pam\u011bti spot\u0159ebu plynu-sna\u017ete se pou\u017e\u00edvat ve\u0159ejnou dopravu a vyh\u00fdbejte se d\u00e1lkov\u00fdm let\u016fm. Vyu\u017eit\u00ed co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed obnoviteln\u00e9 energie podporuje ekologick\u00fd a udr\u017eiteln\u00fd energetick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n

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\"08<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

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Pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed chemik\u00e1li\u00ed, jako je dus\u00edk a fosfor, z nich\u017e velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st se vyplavuje do \u0159ek a nakonec se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do mo\u0159e. Tato chemick\u00e1 p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vedou k mrtv\u00fdm z\u00f3n\u00e1m oce\u00e1nu, ve kter\u00fdch kles\u00e1 hladina kysl\u00edku a ve\u0161ker\u00fd \u017eivot bu\u010f um\u00edr\u00e1, nebo migruje pry\u010d. Na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, v Mexick\u00e9m z\u00e1livu a ve Velk\u00fdch jezerech se vyskytuj\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 z\u00f3ny oce\u00e1n\u016f. Od roku 1950 se mrtv\u00e9 z\u00f3ny s nulov\u00fdm kysl\u00edkem z\u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobily.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Op\u011bt je to ot\u00e1zka vl\u00e1dy. Mrtv\u00e9 z\u00f3ny lze znovu vy\u017eivovat lep\u0161\u00edmi zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi postupy a kanaliza\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my. Pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 z\u00f3ny v\u0161ak nejsou pro vl\u00e1dy na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b prioritou. Pomoci m\u016f\u017ee hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed a obhajoba politik\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed probl\u00e9m berou v\u00e1\u017en\u011b.<\/p>\n

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\"09<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Okyselen\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd se rozpou\u0161t\u00ed v oce\u00e1nech za vzniku kyseliny uhli\u010dit\u00e9. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny kyselin zabr\u00e1n\u00ed tvor\u016fm, kter\u00e9 kalcifikuj\u00ed v mo\u0159i, ve vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sko\u0159\u00e1pek a naru\u0161uje jejich proces p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Ryby tak\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bji rozpozn\u00e1vaj\u00ed pred\u00e1tory v kysel\u00e9 vod\u011b. Okyselen\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed chemii mo\u0159e - za posledn\u00edch 200 let se oce\u00e1n stal o 30 procent kyselej\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Emise uhl\u00edku stoj\u00ed za acidifikac\u00ed, tak\u017ee zm\u011bna mal\u00fdch denn\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f, jako je j\u00edzda na kole do pr\u00e1ce nebo vypnut\u00ed nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch sv\u011btel, je za\u010d\u00e1tek. Pou\u017eij toto\u00a0kalkula\u010dka uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy<\/a>\u00a0abyste zjistili, kde m\u016f\u017eete sn\u00ed\u017eit.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"10<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na mo\u0159i<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Na mo\u0159i netrp\u00ed jen mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed tvorov\u00e9. Jak se zdroje st\u00e1vaj\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, neregulovan\u00fd ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm krut\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. D\u011bln\u00edci pravideln\u011b pracuj\u00ed na ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch plavidlech nelidsk\u00e9 hodiny bez n\u00e1roku na odm\u011bnu - jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie se stala hotspotem pro tyto obchodovan\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky. To je samo o sob\u011b hrozn\u00e9, ale je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by tyto dareb\u00e1ck\u00e9 ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v\u011bnovaly jakoukoli pozornost z\u00e1kon\u016fm o ochran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a \u010dasto za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed nadm\u011brn\u011b lovit.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Je slo\u017eit\u00e9 zjistit, odkud ryby ze supermarketu poch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Program Seafood Watch v Monterey Bay Aquarium m\u00e1 a\u00a0N\u00e1stroj pro otroctv\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plod\u016f<\/a>\u00a0pomoci informovat spot\u0159ebitele a podniky.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"11<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Komer\u010dn\u00ed lov velryb<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Komer\u010dn\u00ed lov velryb byl ve 20. stolet\u00ed takov\u00fd probl\u00e9m, \u017ee populace velryb prudce klesla - modr\u00e9 velryby Antarktidy byly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zcela vyhubeny. Celosv\u011btov\u00fd z\u00e1kaz komer\u010dn\u00edho lovu velryb v roce 1986-dodr\u017eovan\u00fd v\u0161emi zem\u011bmi krom\u011b t\u0159\u00ed-v\u0161ak pom\u00e1h\u00e1 populac\u00edm velryb zotavit se, a\u010dkoli australsk\u00e1 studie z roku 2017 zjistila, \u017ee se do roku 2100 neobnov\u00ed ani na polovinu sv\u00fdch po\u010dt\u016f p\u0159ed velryb\u00e1\u0159stv\u00edm. Island a Norsko pokra\u010duj\u00ed v lovu velryb, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 flotily ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b zab\u00edjej\u00ed stovky velryb.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Nic moc, pokud ne\u017eijete v Japonsku, na Islandu nebo v Norsku. M\u016f\u017eete ale podporovat charitativn\u00ed organizace, jako je Whale & Dolphin Conservation USA.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"12<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Hlubinn\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Pod mo\u0159em se nelov\u00ed jen ropa a plyn. Jak technologie postupuje, zvy\u0161uje se nov\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka po vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch miner\u00e1lech. Uzl\u00edky manganu, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ve skal\u00e1ch na mo\u0159sk\u00e9m dn\u011b, produkuj\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 slitiny kov\u016f, jako je nerezov\u00e1 ocel. Kobalt, nikl, thallium a tak\u00e9 nalezen\u00e9 poh\u0159beny v mo\u0159sk\u00fdch dn\u011b, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto \u017eiv\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my. Spole\u010dnosti zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed operace, kter\u00e9 mohou po\u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00edm dna oce\u00e1nu potenci\u00e1ln\u011b naru\u0161it delik\u00e1tn\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:<\/strong>\u00a0Tyto vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 miner\u00e1ly se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve v\u011bcech, jako jsou smartphony, a ironicky, zelen\u00e9 technologie, jako jsou sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely. Nam\u00edsto sp\u011bchu koupit nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologii, zav\u011bste se na sv\u016fj st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed telefon a opravte jej, pokud se rozbije, m\u00edsto abyste jej vyhodili.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"13<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Hlukov\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Velryby a delf\u00edni komunikuj\u00ed a lov\u00ed pomoc\u00ed zvukov\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f. Tento proces je v\u0161ak naru\u0161ov\u00e1n hlukem mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, od lodn\u00ed dopravy p\u0159es plyn\u00e1renstv\u00ed po vojensk\u00e9 sonary. Toto hlukov\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vedlo velryby k tomu, aby jim chyb\u011bl zvuk zp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch samc\u016f velryb, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo ztracen\u00e9 mo\u017enosti p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, a dokonce zp\u016fsobilo uv\u00edznut\u00ed velryb. Hluk vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed u mo\u0159sk\u00fdch tvor\u016f st\u00e1l\u00fd n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fd stres, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 dlouhodob\u00e9 nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Zvy\u0161te pov\u011bdom\u00ed o tomto m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9m probl\u00e9mu. \u201eV\u011bdci v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1me probl\u00e9m s hlukem,\u201c \u0159ekl pro Yale Environment 360 v roce 2016 mo\u0159sk\u00fd v\u011bdec Christopher Clark. \u201eMus\u00edme to dostat do tisku, mus\u00edme chodit na sch\u016fzky radnice a d\u00e1t lidem v\u011bd\u011bt, co se tam venku d\u011bje, aby m\u016f\u017eeme podniknout smyslupln\u00e9 politick\u00e9 kroky, abychom to vy\u0159e\u0161ili. \u201c<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"14<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

T\u00e1n\u00ed ledov\u00fdch \u010depic<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Rostouc\u00ed teploty zp\u016fsobily t\u00e1n\u00ed arktick\u00fdch a antarktick\u00fdch ledovc\u016f. To ohrozilo arktick\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se ledn\u00ed medv\u011bdi stali bezdomovci a zahnali antarktick\u00fd krill a mnoho zv\u00ed\u0159at, kter\u00e1 se jimi \u017eiv\u00ed. M\u00e1 tak\u00e9 dopad na produkci \u0159as z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na ledu, kter\u00e9 krm\u00ed tresku obecnou.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>Studie z roku 2016, \u010dasopis Science, zjistila, \u017ee na ka\u017edou tunu emitovan\u00e9ho oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho zmiz\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 32 \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch stop ledu. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vlastn\u00ed uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy a podpora zelen\u00fdch politik\u016f jsou mal\u00fdmi kr\u016f\u010dky ke zni\u010den\u00ed ledov\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvky.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"15<\/picture><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

<\/h3>\n

Degradace kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

WWF \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee pokud se mo\u0159e oh\u0159eje sou\u010dasn\u00fdm tempem, bude do roku 2050 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hork\u00e9 pro kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy. Kor\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u00fatesy jsou ji\u017e ve \u0161patn\u00e9m stavu d\u00edky nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu rybolovu druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 udr\u017euj\u00ed \u00fatesy bez \u0159as, a tak\u00e9 kor\u00e1lov\u00e9mu b\u011blen\u00ed k \u010demu\u017e ji\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed. Dv\u011b t\u0159etiny slavn\u00e9ho australsk\u00e9ho Velk\u00e9ho bari\u00e9rov\u00e9ho \u00fatesu ji\u017e byly zni\u010deny b\u011blen\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 ud\u011blat:\u00a0<\/strong>B\u00fdval\u00ed voj\u00e1ci speci\u00e1ln\u00edch sil se mohou p\u0159ipojit k\u00a0Projekt Force Blue<\/a>, kter\u00e1 transplantace ohro\u017een\u00fdch kor\u00e1l\u016f do nov\u00fdch domov\u016f. Jedin\u00fdm udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je sn\u00ed\u017eit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed emise uhl\u00edku, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vyb\u011blen\u00ed kor\u00e1l\u016f teplej\u0161\u00edmi teplotami.<\/p>\n

- - - - -<\/p>\n

inteligentn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed navigace\u00a0NAUTICK\u00c9 MAPY<\/a><\/p>\n

porovnat a rezervovat trajekty - LEVN\u00c9 LETENKY NA TRAJEKT<\/a><\/p>\n

ZELEN\u00dd M\u00cdR<\/a> - mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody - "Spole\u010dn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme zm\u011bnit sv\u011bt" !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sv\u011btov\u00fd den divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e: 15 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hrozeb pro sv\u011btov\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny a co m\u016f\u017eete ud\u011blat pro jejich z\u00e1chranu ZDROJ: NEWSWEEK-https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/world-wildlife-day-2019-oceans-pollution-global-warming -1349026 Sv\u011btov\u00fd den divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e OSN poprv\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje hrozby pro mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot. T\u00e9matem Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e 2019, kter\u00fd se kon\u00e1 3. b\u0159ezna, je \u201e\u017divot [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":765,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,3,23,24,25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology","category-ecotourism","category-news","category-sustainable-travel","category-wildlife"],"yoast_head":"\nWorld Wildlife Day: The 15 Biggest Threats to the World's Oceans<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"World Wildlife Day: The 15 Biggest Threats to the World's Oceans. 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